Abstracts Division 1
12. Precision nutrition by modulating dietary macronutrients according to tissue-specific IR phenotypes improves cardiometabolic health
Kelly M. Jardon1,2*, Inez Trouwborst1,2*, Anouk Gijbels2,3*, Els Siebelink3, Gabby Hul1,2, Lisa Wanders2,4, Balázs Erdos2,5, Szabolcs Péter6, Cécile M. Singh-Povel7, Johan de Vogel-van den Bosch 8, Michiel E. Adriaens2,5, Ilja C. W. Arts2,5, Dick H. J. Thijssen4,9, Edith J. M. Feskens3, Gijs H. Goossens1, Lydia A. Afman2,3,@, Ellen E. Blaak1,2,@,#
1 Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
2 TI Food and Nutrition (TiFN), Wageningen, The Netherlands
3 Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
4 Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
5 Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
6 DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
7 FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
8 Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
9 Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
* Shared first authorship | @ Shared last authorship
Background
There are indications that individuals with distinct insulin resistance (IR) phenotypes (more pronounced muscle IR (MIR) or liver IR (LIR) may respond differentially to dietary macronutrient manipulation. The PERSON study is a prospective two-center, randomized, double-blind, 12-week isocaloric dietary intervention investigating the effect of targeting dietary macronutrient composition according to MIR or LIR phenotypes on glucose homeostasis and cardiometabolic risk.
Methods
242 men and women (40-75 years, BMI 25-40 kg/m2) with MIR or LIR were randomized to a Phenotype Diet group (PhenoDiet) A or B, both following the Dutch dietary guidelines. PhenoDiet A group consisted of individuals with MIR following a high-monounsaturated fatty acids (HMUFA), and individuals with LIR following a low-fat, high-protein, and high-fiber (LFHP) diet. PhenoDiet group B consisted of individuals with LIR and MIR on HMUFA and LFHP diets respectively. The primary study outcome was the difference in Disposition index between participants on PhenoDiet A or B.
Results
MIR and LIR subjects on PhenoDiet Binduced more pronounced improvementsin the Matsuda index (+20.4% vs. +4.8%, p=0.003), Muscle Insulin Sensitivity Index (p=0.038), fasting insulin (p=0.019), 2-hr glucose (p=0.020), 2-hr insulin (p=0.023), HOMA-IR (p=0.017), Disposition index (non-significant; p=0.103), and triglycerides (p=0.028) and C-reactive protein (p=0.034) compared to the PhenoDiet A group. Beneficial changes in body composition and ectopic fat were found in both groups, with slightly more beneficial improvements in the PhenoDiet B group, and no significant difference in weight change between groups. Post-hoc analyses revealed that the more pronounced improvements with the PhenoDiet B as compared to A are driven by improvements in both the MIR subjects on the LFHP diet and the LIR subjects on the HMUFA diet.
Conclusion
We demonstrate for the first time that modulation of dietary macronutrient composition within the dietary guidelines according to an individual’s tissue-specific IR-phenotype further improves cardiometabolic health.
NUTRIM | School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism
NUTRIM aims to contribute to health maintenance and personalised medicine by unraveling lifestyle and disease-induced derangements in metabolism and by developing targeted nutritional, exercise and drug interventions. This is facilitated by a state of the art research infrastructure and close interaction between scientists, clinicians, master and PhD students.
www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/nutrim