Abstracts Division 2

34. Dietary advanced glycation endproducts and intestinal inflammation in IBD and IBS patients

Marlijne C.G. de Graaf1,2, Corinne E.G.M. Spooren1,2, Evelien M.B. Hendrix1,2, Martine A.M. Hesselink1,2, Jean L.J.M. Scheijen3,4, Casper G. Schalkwijk3,4, Zlatan Mujagic1,2, Marieke J. Pierik1,2, Daniel Keszthelyi1,2, Daisy M.A.E. Jonkers1,2

1
Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
2 NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands
4 CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, the Netherlands

Background
The Western diet is associated with both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and patients often perceive specific food items as trigger for flares or symptoms. In general, a Western diet is rich in processed food and comprises high levels of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). This complex group of compounds can have e.g. oxidative and inflammatory properties. We aimed to investigate the intake of dietary AGEs in IBD and IBS patients, and the association with intestinal inflammation.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed in 238 IBD patients, 261 IBS patients and 195 healthy controls (HC). Habitual dietary intake over the previous month was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires. These data were combined with databases on the amount of dietary AGEs in food products measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, to calculate the daily intake of three important dietary AGEs: Ne-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), Ne-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL) and methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 (MG-H1). The association between dietary AGEs and faecal calprotectin, as marker of intestinal inflammation, was analysed using multivariable linear regression.

Results
The absolute dietary AGEs intake did not differ between IBD and HC, but was lower in IBS compared to HC (CML 3.53±1.22 vs. 3.05±1.12 vs. 3.43±1.22mg/day; CEL 2.92±1.03 vs. 2.57±0.90 vs. 2.82±1.05mg/day; MG-H1 22.82±7.99 vs. 20.10±7.34 vs. 23.24±7.91mg/day; IBS vs. HC p<0.001). After adjustment for total energy intake, the dietary AGEs intake was no longer significantly different between IBS and HC. Faecal calprotectin levels were not significantly associated with absolute intake or energy-adjusted intake of total or individual dietary AGEs in either of the subgroups.

Conclusion
The intake of dietary AGEs was not significantly associated with intestinal inflammation in IBD and IBS patients. Further insight is needed in other AGEs and in vivo concentrations, especially given the microbiome perturbations in both patient groups.

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